secularization

Etsi Deus non daretur. Hugo Grotius und der Krieg. Theologische Überlegungen und exemplarische historische Darstellungen über den Begründer des modernen Völkerrechts und Wegbereiter der europäischen Aufklärung

Christoph Ehricht Arbeitsgemeinschaft für pommersche Kirchengeschichte e.V. (17489, Germany, Greifswald, c/o Landeskirchliches Archiv, Rudolf-Petershagen-Allee 3)
christoph.ehricht@gmx.de

Ehricht Ch. Etsi Deus non daretur. Hugo Grotius und der Krieg. Theologische Überlegungen und exemplarische historische Darstellungen über den Begründer des modernen Völkerrechts und Wegbereiter der europäischen Aufklärung, Religiya. Tserkov’. Obshchestvo. Issledovaniya i publikatsii po teologii i religii [Religion. Church. Society: Research and publications in the field of theology and religious studies], Saint-Petersburg, 2019, vol. 8, pp. 184–94.

doi: 10.24411/2308-0698-2019-00010

Language: Russian

The article provides a theological analysis of the figure of Hugo Grotius, one of the founders of the modern international law, who had a great influence for the peace-process in the last time of the Thirty Years’ War. He also played a role in the European history of the Enlightenment and secularisation eras. In our time analysis of Grotius’s heritage is connected with new liberal understanding of religion in the spirit of tolerance, as well as with the connection between religion and politics. Grotius recommends to build a foundation of law and peace without any use or misuse of the name of God — could it be helpful also in our time? The German theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer expected a non-religious time, but we have to see a growing influence of religion for political decisions and in consequence a growing mistrust against religion in the secular society. But it gives also an overview about new literature to Grotius and about his life and works and his significance in contemporary theological discussions. A short point is the reception of Grotius in the Russian tradition.

The article is based on the report made at the historical conference devoted to the Thirty Years War (Saint-Petersburg, Russia, 2018).

Key words: Hugo Grotius, Netherlands 16–17th centuries, Arminianism, Reformed theology, secularisation, Enlightenment, Thirty Years’ War, International law, Natural law, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, religion and politics

URL: http://rcs-almanac.ru/en/ericht-2019-en/

Dialectics of religious renovation: secular and Christian views

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Dmitriy Alexandrovich Golovushkin, PhD in history, associate professor Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia (naberezhnaya reki Moiki, 48/20a, Saint-Petersburg, Russia,191186)

golovushkinda@mail.ru

Golovushkin D. A. Dialectics of religious renovation: secular and Christian views, Religiya. Tserkov’. Obshchestvo. Issledovaniya i publikatsii po teologii i religii [Religion. Church. Society: Research and publications in the field of theology and religious studies], Saint-Petersburg, 2017, vol. 6, pp. 108–124.

doi: 10.24411/2308-0698-2017-00006

Language: Russian

The article attempts to speculate on two topical issues of the modern socio-cultural and religious dynamics: religious renovation of the modernity and it relation to the religious renovation in general. These issues are relatively independent, but at the same time they are inseparable since the format of future socio-cultural community depends on their correlation. In other words, any discussion on this topic rests on the following questions: is it acceptable to reduce the religious renovation of the modernity only to a «turn to religion» or «return of religion»; what gives the right to form the ethos or does the religious renovation of the modernity involve renovation of religion, intensification of theological self-reflection and new forms of religious reformation?
As the secular and Christian discourse at the turn of the 20–21st centuries indicates, the religious renovation of the modernity is conceptualized as the religion’s social action strategy that concedes an inclusion of religious and non-religious ideologies and worldviews into this process. It rises up from the religious renovation as a version of the religious reformation and combines elements of religious fundamentalism and religious modernism, that interact and creatively re-construct under the secular influence and thus convert the religious tradition. As a result, the religious renovation of the modernity and the religious renovation close on each other. It is a kind of a cultural «middle way» that lies between the religious tradition and innovation and focuses on development of alternative options of the social development.

Key words: religion, religious reformation, religious modernism, religious fundamentalism, religious tradition, secularism, secularization, postsecularization

URL: http://rcs-almanac.ru/golovushkin-2017-en/

The formation of the confessional borders between Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Protestant duchies in the 16th century

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Dmitriy Ivanovich Weber PhD in history, assistant, Institute of Philosophy, Saint-Petersburg State University (Mendeleevskaya linia, dom 5, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, 199034), d.veber@spbu.ru, weber-deutsch@yandex.ru

Weber D. I. The formation of the confessional borders between Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Protestant duchies in the 16^thcentury, Religiya. Tserkov’. Obshchestvo. Issledovaniya i publikatsii po teologii i religii [Religion. Church. Society: Research and publications in the field of theology and religious studies], Saint-Petersburg, 2015, vol. 4, pp. 298–313.

doi: 10.24411/2308-0698-2015-00015

Language: Russian

The article discusses the phenomenon of confessional change of borders between Poland, Grand Duchy of Lithuania on the one hand and Protestant duchies on the other. The focus is on the formation of the Duchy of Courland and Semigalia as a result of the secularization of the Teutonic Order’s possessions in Prussia and Livonia. In the first half of the 16th century there were not only political, but also religious changes in the Baltics that were associated with the spread of Protestantism in the region. The new confessional borders were made between protestant duchies and Catholic Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
This process is considered through the Borderland theory. It including two types theories — boundary theory and border theory. Border theory focuses on the border as the “demarcation line” both politically and socially. In contrast with it the boundary theory, formed in the movement of cultural studies not so much physical as mental and cultural characteristics of borderlands. However, boundary-studies refers to the existence of certain cultural differences surrounding regions. One of the used approaches in this article was the concept so-called “Kulturtranfer”. This allows to consider the impact of the role of the preachers of the Holy Roman Empire in the spread of Protestantism in the Baltic region.

Key words: Order, Kettler, confessionalisation, Reformation, secularization

URL: http://rcs-almanac.ru/weber-2015-en/