Scholasticism

Danil Vladimirovich Andreev Bachelor of Theology, Theological Institute of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ingria (der. Kolbino, 25a, Leningrad region, Vsevolozhsk district, Russia, 188680)
franksandreev@yandex.ru

Andreev D. V. Martin Luther’s Disputation Against Scholastic Theology (1517): Commentary and Translation, Religiya. Tserkov’. Obshchestvo. Issledovaniya i publikatsii po teologii i religii [Religion. Church. Society: Research and publications in the field of theology and religious studies], pp. 220–241.

doi: 10.24412/2308-0698-2025-14-216-237

Language: Russian

This work analyzes Martin Luther’s early treatise Disputation Against Scholastic Theology (1517) within the context of his intellectual evolution and his polemic with late medieval scholasticism. It examines the structural features of the text, its role in shaping Luther’s theological views, as well as the problems of translating and interpreting scholastic terminology. Particular attention is given to Luther’s critique of Aristotelian logic, the concept of natural love for God, the doctrine of predestination, and preparation for grace. The publication includes a detailed commentary based on contemporary academic research and seeks to address gaps present in the previous translation.

Key words: Luther, Gabriel Biel, scholasticism, Reformation, theology, disputation, medieval philosophy, Aristotelianism

URL: https://rcs-almanac.ru/andreev2025-en/

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Dmitriy Ivanovich Weber PhD in History, senior scientific researcher, Russian National Research University; associate professor, Moscow State University of Economics in Chernyakhovsk and Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University (Pskovskaya St., 3, Veliky Novgorod, Novgorod Region, Russia, 173015)
weber-deutsch@yandex.ru

Daniil Pavlovich Tatsenko Bachalor, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University (Pskovskaya St., 3, Veliky Novgorod, Novgorod Region, Russia, 173015)
s257521@std.novsu.ru

Weber D. I., Taschenko D. P. Aristotelian Logic in the Reformation (Based on «Aristotelis Organi Parvi Prior»), Religiya. Tserkov’. Obshchestvo. Issledovaniya i publikatsii po teologii i religii [Religion. Church. Society: Research and publications in the field of theology and religious studies], pp. 178–199.

doi: 10.24412/2308-0698-2025-14-174-195

Language: Russian

The article examines Aristotle’s logical corpus and the varying perspectives on it during the Reformation, specifically focusing on Aristotle’s place in 16th century European universities. The Organon (Aristot. Org. Pars prior, Basileae, 1573) was chosen as the primary source for this study; its prefaces contain valuable information regarding the humanist attitude toward Aristotle and his philosophy. The marginalia associated with Porphyry’s Isagoge demonstrate the book’s circulation and its probable use within European educational institutions. The study of this edition is significant for understanding the humanist stance toward scholasticism and Aristotle, as well as for analyzing humanist reforms in European universities. Based on these sources, conclusions are drawn regarding the educational purpose of the edition, the complex attitude of humanists toward Aristotelianism, and the active use of the Organon in both Catholic and Protestant universities.

Key words: Aristotle, Organon, Porphyry, Isagoge, Reformation, Humanism, Scholasticism, University of Basel, Johannes Hospinianus, Juan Luis Vives, Petrus Ramus, university education

URL: https://rcs-almanac.ru/veber2025-en/